kosovohp Semi-Pro
Posts : 900 Join date : 2010-09-06
| Subject: Restored Kingdom of Hungary Mon Sep 20, 2010 10:30 pm | |
| The new fighting force in Hungary were the Conservative Royalists counter-revolutionaries – the "Whites". These, who had been organizing in Vienna and established a counter-government in Szeged, assumed power, led by István Bethlen, a Transylvanian aristocrat, and rear-admiral Miklós Horthy, the former commander in chief of the Austro-Hungarian Navy. Starting in Western Hungary and spreading throughout the country, a White Terror began by other half-regular and half-militarist detachments (as the police power crashed, there were no serious national regular forces and authorities), and many Communists and other leftists were tortured and executed without trial. The leaving Romanian army pillaged the country: livestock, machinery and agricultural products were carried to Romania in hundreds of freight cars.[dubious – discuss][55][56] The estimated property damage of their activity was so much that the international peace conference in 1919 did not require Hungary to pay war redemption to Romania.[dubious – discuss][citation needed] On 16 November, with the consent of Romanian forces, Horthy's army marched into Budapest. His government gradually restored security police and gendarmee, stopped terror, and set up authorities, but thousands of supporters of the leftist-liberal Károlyi and communist Kun regimes were imprisoned (for "High treason" and "anti-Hungarian actions"), and radical rightist political movements were suppressed, too. In March, the parliament restored the Hungarian monarchy but instead of electing a king, Miklós Horthy was elected Regent. With the Treaty of Trianon, Hungary lost 72% of its territory, its sea ports in Croatia, and 3,425,000 ethnic Hungarians found themselves separated from their motherland.[57][58] Memorial of the Trianon dictate in Békéscsaba Hungary's signing of the Treaty of Trianon on 4 June 1920, ratified the country's dismemberment. The territorial provisions of the treaty, which ensured continued discord between Hungary and its neighbors, required Hungary to surrender more than two-thirds of its pre-war lands, which caused nearly one-third of the 10 million ethnic Hungarians to find themselves outside the diminished homeland. The country's ethnic composition became almost homogeneous, Hungarians constituting about 90% of the population, Germans made up about 6%, and Slovaks, Croats, Romanians, Jews and Gypsies accounted for the remainder television armoirePortable Generator | |
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